CWDM: What You Need to Know

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology for transporting large amounts of data between sites. It increases bandwidth by allowing different data streams to be sent simultaneously over a single optical fiber network. There are two main types of WDM systems: coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) and dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). This article provides some knowledge about CWDM.
What is CWDM?
Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) is a wavelength multiplexing technology for cities and access networks. The word coarse means the wavelength spacing between channels is relatively large. Furthermore, CWDM is an ideal solution for short-range applications and is used to improve the transmission capacity of optical fiber and the utilization of optical fiber resources.
CWDM Operating Principle
CWDM was standardized by the ITU-T G.694.2 based on a grid or wavelength separation of 20 nm in the range of 1270-1610 nm. It can carry up to 18 CWDM wavelengths over one pair of fibers. Each signal is assigned to a different wavelength of light. Each wavelength does not affect another wavelength, so the signals do not interfere. Each channel is usually transparent to the speed and data, so the voice, video, and other services can be transported simultaneously over a single fiber or fiber pair.
CWDM Network Component
A multiplexer (Mux) combines multiple wavelength channels on a single fiber, and a demultiplexer (Demux) separates them again at the other end. A Mux/Demux set-up is used to increase the end-to-end capacity of a deployed fiber. The Mux is located in the central office, and the Demux is located in the cabinet or splice closure from which the fibers go to their destination in a star-shaped topology.
Features and Benefits
CWDM provides low insertion loss, low polarization-dependent loss, low cost, low-temperature sensitivity, low power consumption, high channel isolation, high data rate, high stability, high reliability, small size, and ease of installation and deployment.

Applications
CWDM is used in metropolitan area networks (MAN), local area networks (LAN), storage area networks (SAN),10-gigabit ethernet, passive optical networks (PON), WDM transmission systems, FTTx networks, 5G front-haul, data centers, online monitoring, fiber optic amplifier, etc.
Conclusion
CWDM has become the preferred solution for increasing the bandwidth of metro/regional and optical access networks. And it has proven to be sufficiently robust, low-cost, and reliable for upgrading the optical network to accommodate future growth. Sun Telecom specializes in providing one-stop total fiber optic solutions for all fiber optic application industries worldwide. Contact us if any needs.

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